Batak Padangbolak People (English Version)

BATAK PADANGBOLAK PEOPLE

By: Wendy Hutahaean

Batak Padangbolak people or sometimes called Batak Angkola Padangbolak is a native Batak ethnic that live in Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara and Kabupaten Padang Lawas (kecamatan Sosopan only) of North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Long time ago, foreign people classify this people as Batak Mandailing people. However, Batak Padangbolak people speaks Bahasa Batak Angkola Padangbolak, not Bahasa Batak Mandailing eventhough the cultures and costums have a lot of similarities. Nowadays, the people who live in Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara and Kecamatan Sosopan has been recognized as Batak Padangbolak people.

Suku Batak Padangbolak atau sering disebut suku Angkola Padangbolak adalah penduduk yang tinggal di Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara dan kecamatan Sosopan (Kabupaten Padang Lawas) di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.

Traditional Clothes of Batak Padangbolak

A. The Land

The land of Batak Padangbolak people covered all districts in Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara and one district in Kabupaten Padang Lawas, which are:

1.    Kec.  Batang Onang, ibokota di Pasar Matanggor

2.    Kec. Dolok, ibokota di Sipiongot

3.    Kec. Dolok Sigompulon, ibokota di Pasar Simundol

4.    Kec. Halongonan, ibokota di Hutaimbaru

5.    Kec. Hulu Sihapas, ibokota di

6.    Kec. Padang Bolak, ibokota di Gunung Tua

7.    Kec. Padang Bolak Julu, ibokota di Batu Gana

8.    Kec. Portibi, ibokota di Portibi

9.    Kec. Simangambat, ibokota di Langkimat
10. Kec. Sosopan, ibokota di Sosopan (Kabupaten Padang Lawas)

Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara

B. Marga

Asal usul suku Batak Padang Lawas tidak diketahui secara pasti. Tetapi dari cerita rakyat secara turun temurun yang tersimpan baik pada masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini, mengatakan bahwa dahulunya mereka berasal dari pembauran penduduk setempat dengan orang-orang dari sebuah kerajaan yang pernah berdiri di wilayah ini. Kemungkinan yang dimaksud dengan kerajaan itu, adalah Kerajaan Holing atau juga Kerajaan Chola, yang keduanya berasal dari India, yang pernah berjaya di wilayah ini pada masa lalu. Di wilayah Padang Lawas ini banyak ditemukan situs-situs kuno dari era kerajaan Hindu Kuno, yang diperkirakan usianya lebih tua dari kerajaan Hindu lainnya di Indonesia. 

1. Harahap
2. Siregar

Traditional Dance of Batak Padanglawas

C. Language

Bahasa yang diucapkan oleh masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini adalah bahasa Padang Lawas, yang termasuk dialek dari bahasa Mandailing, karena terdapat banyak kemiripan yang pada bahasa Padang Lawas ini dengan bahasa Mandailing, hanya saja lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh bahasa Melayu dan bahasa Minangkabau.

Traditional House of Batak Padanglawas

D. Religion

Masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini mayoritas adalah pemeluk agama Islam yang taat. Agama Islam di wilayah ini dibawa oleh pasukan Paderi Minangkabau yang menyerang Tanah Batak di daerah Selatan, yang pada saat itu memang sangat rapuh dan tidak memiliki pertahanan sama sekali. Sehingga pasukan Paderi berhasil melumpuhkan wilayah Selatan Tanah Batak, dan mengislamkan hampir seluruh penduduk di wilayah ini.

Masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini, sebagian besar hidup sebagai petani. Sebagian besar bekerja di perkebunan karet. Selain itu mereka juga bercocok tanam untuk berbagai jenis tanaman sayur-sayuran. Selain itu, memelihara ternak juga menjadi kegiatan sampingan bagi beberapa penduduk di wilayah Padang Lawas ini.

Refferences:

1.    http://protomalayans.blogspot.com/2012/08/suku-batak-padang-lawas.html

2.    http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabupaten_Padang_Lawas_Utara

3.    https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:k1HVfo8vh0UJ:repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/31756/4/Chapter%2520II.pdf+&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgpWfaaAIUjc7ByVzGiiOdd6RkTfCb-_QsKYRXUyqpHTJLNhRGaZnw6bdoRPvWq4_1DLRmp-jHnwbLAHZd1PvZEPb3w_2jJlWSzhnmk7sOTydeS6tvI4OiaqB40C9HGYpa6t89E&sig=AHIEtbS4OtS3mId4zvTLGnDYvD4uyUJKxw

BRIEF HISTORY OF PADANG LAWAS UTARA REGENCY

At the of Dutch colonization era, Regency of Tapanuli Selatan was called Afdeeling Padangsidimpuan headed by a Resident domiciled in Padangsidimpuan. Afdeeling Padangsidimpuan divided in 3 (three) Onder Afdeeling, each headed by a Conteleur and assisted by a demang, i.e :

 

1. Onder Afdeeling Angkola and Sipirok, domiciled in Padangsidimpuan. This Onder afdeling was divided in 3 district, each headed by Asisten Demang, i.e  :

a. Angkola District domiciled in Padangsidimpuan

b. Batang Toru District domiciled in Batang Toru

c. Sipirok District domiciled in Sipirok

2. Onder Afdeeling Padang Lawas, domiciled in Sibuhuan. This Onder Afdeling was divided in 3 districts, each headed by Asisten Demang, i.e  :

a. Padang Bolak District domiciled in Gunung Tua

b. Barumun and Sosa District domiciled in Sibuhuan

c. Dolok District domiciled in Sipiongot

3. Onder Afdeeling Mandailing and Natal, domiciled in Kotanopan.  This Onder Afdeling was divided in 5 onder distrik, each headed by Asisten Demang, i.e  :

a. Panyabungan District domiciled in Panyabungan

b. Kota Nopan District domiciled in Kota Nopan

c. Muara Sipongi District domiciled in Muara Sipongi

d. Natal District domiciled in Natal

e. Batang Natal District domiciled in Muarasoma

Eact  district divided in several Luhat each headed by a Head of Luhat (Head of Kuria) and each Luhat divided in several Kampung headed by a Head Hoofd and assisted by a Head Ripo if that Kampung owned big population. Onder afdeeling Angkola Sipirok was formed as a regency headed by a Regent domiciled in Padangsidimpuan. Onder afdeeling Padang Lawas was formed as regency headed by a Regent domiciled in Gunung Tua.  The first Regent was Parlindungan Lubis and then replaced by Sutan Katimbung. Onder afdeeling Mandailing Natal was also formed as a regency headed by a Regent domiciled in Panyabungan. The first Regent was Junjungan Lubis and replaced by Fachruddin Nasution. 

 

After Dutch Troops invaded Padangsidimpuan and Gunung Tua, the administration of Government remain the same as it was, but The Regent Office was moved to a safe area which has not been invaded by the Dutch. After Republic of Indonesia accept the sovereignty by the end of 1949, the division of Governance Prefecture whole changed as well. Since early 1950 the Area of Tapanuli Selatan was unified and the entire existing officer in the office of Regent of Angkola Sipirok, Padang Lawas and Mandailing Natal unified as the officer the Regency of Tapanuli Selatan office which were domiciling in Padangsidimpuan.

 

At the term when  Tapanuli Selatan Regency headed by Raja Junjungan Lubis, there was an addition of the 6 districts which then made the regency consists of 17 districts. The 6 addition were :

1.Batang Angkola District was taken apart from Padangsidimpuan District, with the capital in Pintu Padang.

2. Siabu District was formed from part of Panyabungan District with the capital in Siabu.

3.SD Hole District was formed from part of Sipirok District with the capital in Sipagimbar.

4.Sosa District was formed from part of Barumun District with the capital in Pasar Ujung Batu.

5.Sosopan District was formed from part of Barumun and Sosa District with capital in Sosopan.

6.Barumun Tengah District was formed from part of Padang Bolak District with the capital in Binanga.

 

On 30 November 1982, Padangsidimpuan district was devided in 4 districts by forming East Padangsidimpuan, West Padangsidimpuan, North Padangsidimpuan, And South Padangsidimpuan, by the same time Padangsidimpuan was formed an Administrative Town of Padangsidimpuan consisted of the Sub Districts, i.e :  North Padangsidimpuan and South Padangsidimpuan. (PP Number 32 year 1982). At the year 1992  Natal district was devided in 3 different district, i.e :

1. Natal with the capital of  Natal

2. Muara Batang Gadis with the capital in Singkuang.

3. Batahan with the capital in Batahan.

 

In 1992 the Siais district was formed with the capital in Simarpinggan, which was extracted from of  Padangsidimpuan Barat District. Afterwards in 1996 pursuant to PP. in RI. Number 1, 1996 dated 3 January 1996,  Halongonan District with capital  Huta Imbaru was formed extracted from part of Padang Bolak.

 

By the issuance of law Number 12, 1998 effective on 23 November 1998 regarding the formation of the Regency of Mandailing Natal, the Regency of Tapanuli Selatan became 2 (two) regencies, i.e :  Regency of Mandailing Natal (in Panyabungan) with 8 districts and Regency of Tapanuli Selatan (in Padangsidimpuan) with 16 districts. Later on, pursuant to PP.RI Number 43 1999 dated 26 Mei 1999, several new districts were formed in Tapanuli Selatan regency, i.e :

1.Sosopan District became 2 districts  that is Sosopan district with the capital in Sosopan and Batang Onang District with the capital in Pasar Matanggor.

2.Padang Bolak District became 2 districst that is Padang Bolak district with the capital in Gunung Tua and Padang Bolak Julu district  with the capital in Batu Gana.

3.Sipirok District became 2 districts that is Sipirok district with the capital in Sipirok and Arse district with the capital in Arse.

4.Dolok District became 2 districts that is Dolok district with the capital in Sipiongot and  Dolok Sigompulon district with the capital in Pasar Simundol. 

In 2002 pursuant to Perda (Regional Government and Regulation) Tapanuli Selatan Regency Number 4, 2002 regarding the formation of Sayur Matinggi, Marancar, Aek Bilah, Ulu Barumun, Lubuk Barumun, Portibi, Huta Raja Tinggi, Batang Lubu Sutam, Simangambat, and Huristak Districts. The new districts  formed, were :

 

1. Sayur Matinggi District was extracted from Batang Angkola District with the capital in  Sayur Matinggi
2. Marancar District was extracted from Batang Toru District with the capital in Marancar.
3. Aek Bilah District was extracted from Saipar Dolok Hole District with the capital in Biru
4. Ulu Barumun District was extracted from Barumun District with the capital in Pasar Paringgonan.
5. Lubuk Barumun District was extracted from Barumun District with the capital in Pasar Latong.
6. Portibi District was extracted from Padang Bolak District with the capital in Portibi.
7. Huta Raja Tinggi  District was extracted from Sosa District with the capital in Huta Raja Tinggi.
8. Batang Lubu Sutam District was extracted from Sosa District with the capital in Pinarik.
9. Simangambat District was extracted from Barumun Tengah District with the capital in Langkimat.
10. Huristak District was extracted from Barumun Tengah District with the capital in Huristak.

By the issuance of law Number 37, 2007 effective on 10 August 2007 regarding the formation of the Regency of Padang Lawas Utara and law Number 38, 2007 effective on 10 August 2007 regarding the formation of the Regency of Padang Lawas, the Regency of Tapanuli Selatan became 3 (three) regencies, i.e : Regency of Padang Lawas Utara (in Gunung Tua) with 8 districts added 10 rural from Padangsidimpuan Timur districts and Regency of Padang Lawas (in Sibuhuan) with 9 districts and Regency of Tapanuli Selatan (in Sipirok) with 11 districts.