BATAK ANGKOLA PEOPLE
By: Wendy Hutahaean
Batak Angkola People is a Batak ethnic
that live in Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan and Kota Padangsidempuan of North
Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The name of "Angkola" is taken from the name of a
river in Tapanuli Selatan, sungai Batang Angkola. Long time ago, that name was given by King Rajendra Chola I of Chola Kingdom (1014 - 1044) who
come to the land from southern India. There was a disease that killed people of
Chola Kingdom and forced them to leave the land. Some years after the disappearance of Chola Kingdom, Ompu Jolak Maribu
Dalimunthe came to Angkola land and built the first new village in that land called Sitamiang. After that,
he founded Pargarutan as a village to sharpen the sword and Tanggal as a village
to create a Bataknese calendar or day.
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| Traditional Clothes of Batak Angkola |
A. The Land
The land of Batak Angkola covered Kota Padang Sidempuan and Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan that consists of some districts (kecamatan) whict are:
1.
Kec.
Aek Bilah
2.
Kec.
Angkola Barat
3.
Kec.
Angkola Selatan
4.
Kec.
Angkola Timur
5.
Kec.
Arse
6.
Kec.
Batang Angkola
7.
Kec.
Batang Toru
8.
Kec.
Marancar
9.
Kec.
Muara Batang Toru
10.
Kec.
Saipar Dolok Hole
11.
Kec.
Sayur Matinggi
12.
Kec.
Siais
13.
Kec.
Sipirok
 |
| Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan |
There is a significant number of Batak Angkola people live in three districts of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Those districts are:
1.
Kec.
Pahae Jae
2.
Kec.
Purbatua
3.
Kec.
Siamngumban
In addition, in Kabupaten
Tapanuli Tengah, people of Batak Angkola mostly live in the districts:
1.
Kec.
Badiri
2.
Kec.
Pinangsori
3.
Kec.
Lumut
4.
Kec.
Sibabangun
5.
Kec.
Sukabangun
Batang Angkola river divide the land of Batak Angkola into two areas, northen side is called Angkola Julu (upstream) and southern part is called Angkola Jae (downstream).
B. Marga
1.
Dalimunthe,
di daerah Sigalangan - Batang Angkola sekitarnya
2.
Harahap,
di daerah Sidempuan sekitarnya
3.
Siregar,
di daerah Sipirok sekitarnya
4.
Ritonga,
di daerah Sipirok sekitarnya
5.
Daulay,
di daerah Pintu Padang - Batang Angkola sekitarnya
6.
Pane,
di darah Arse
 |
| Traditional House of Batak Angkola |
Batak Angkola people are related to another Batak ethnic that live in the north like Batak Toba, Batak Samosir, Batak Humbang and Batak Silindung. For example, Siregar in Batak Angkola and Batak Humbang have the same ancestor. Harahap in Batak Angkola also has the same ancestor to Batak Batak Silindung. Batak Angkola also related to Batak Mandailing and Batak Padanglawas.
C. Language
Batak Angkola Language is the language spoken by Batak Angkola people in Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Some anthropologist, classify the language into Batak Angkola Mandailing Language because Batak Angkola language and Batak Mandailing language has a lot of similarities. In fact, the intonation of Batak Angkola language is more subtle than Batak Toba language but it is more coarse than Batak Mandailing language. Besides that, Batak Angkola has similarities in culture and costum to Batak Mandailing.
 |
| Traditional Dance of Batak Angkola |
The habbit of roaming all over the world is popular among Batak Angkola People. Because of the habbit, Batak Silindung people is well known everywhere. The term of "Horas", a greetings from Batak Toba, Samosir, Humbang, Silindung, Sibolga, Angkola, Mandailing and Simalungun is also popular to greet all Batak people. Batak Silindung people is spreading all over Indonesia and Worldwide.
D. Religion
Majority people of Batak Angkola are Islam after the imposed under swords by Tuanku Lelo Nasution during Padri War (1821) from Minangkabau. Some people secretly embrase traditional Batak religion like Malim and Pelebegu. They hold on those traditional religion until Dutch Missionaries introduce them to Christianity. Batak Angkola people who believe in Christ now has their own church called Gereja Kristen Protestan Angkola (GKPA).
 |
| Batak Angkola Church |
Basically, Batak Angkola people live as rice or crops farmer. They grow vegetables, coffee and other perennials. Some of them raising livestock such as chicken, duck, goose, buffalo and cow. Nowadays, they also work in different types job such as merchandise, office jobs, in private and public sector. There are a lot of Batak Humbang People who become successful person in foreign country such as having an important position in government and having a successful business.
Refference:
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