Batak Dairi People (English Version)

BATAK DAIRI PEOPLE

By: Wendy Hutahaean

Batak Dairi people or sometimes called Batak Dairi Klassen people is a Batak ethnic that live in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah and Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan. Long time ago, foreign people classified this people as Batak Pakpak because they have the same cultures and langauge. However, Batak Dairi people claim that eventhough their culture was influenced by Batak Pakpak cultures but Batak Toba influence also has a strong influnce in their culture. It is because Batak Dairi people live beside Batak Toba people and interact actively with them. In conclusion, the culture of Batak Dairi is the mixture between the culture of Batak Pakpak and Batak Toba that create a new unique culture from those two culture.

Traditional Clothes of Batak Dairi Klasen

A. The Land

There is a misunderstanding claiming from Batak Pakpak people about Batak Dairi (Klassen). They include Batak Dairi as one of their sub ethnics that consist of:

1.    Pakpak Simsim (live in Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat)

2.    Pakpak Keppas (live in Kabupaten Dairi sekitar Sidikalang)

3.    Pakpak Pegagan (live in Kabupaten Dairi sekitar Sumbul)

4.    Pakpak Boang (live in Kabupaten Aceh Singkil dan Kota Subulussalam)

5.    Pakpak Klasen (live in Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan dan Tapanuli Tengah)

On the other hand, Batak Dairi people reject that claim. They argue that Batak Pakpak people  has only three sub ethnics, Pakpak Simsim, Pakpak Keppas and Pakpak Pegagan. Batak Dairi people claim that Batak Dairi is a separate Batak ethnic that consist of:

1.    Dairi Klasen (live in Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan dan Tapanuli Tengah)

2.    Dairi Boang (live in Kabupaten Aceh Singkil dan Kota Subulussalam)

3.    Dairi Kahia (live in Kota Subulussalam)

Unfortunately, Batak Boang reject the claim of Batak Dairi and Batak Pakpak. They argue that Batak Boang is a separate Batak ethnic that has different language and culture in Aceh Province. They are Batak Boang, not Batak Pakpak Boang or Batak Dairi Boang.

In conclusion, Batak Dairi refers to a people who live in the northern of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah and the western of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan. The land of Batak Dairi covers some districts, which are:

1. Kecamatan Parlilitan (Kab. Humbang Hasundutan)
2. Kecamatan Pakkat (Kab. Humbang Hasundutan)
3. Kecamatan Tara Bintang (Kab. Humbang Hasundutan)
4. Kecamatan Manduamas (Kab. Tapanuli Tengah)
5. Kecamatan Sirandorung (Kab. Tapanuli Tengah)

The Land of Batak Dairi

The people of Batak Dairi has a plan to have a separate area called Kabupaten Tanoh Dairi that consist of those five districts (kecamatan) and three new districts from the division of kecamatan Pakkat, Kecamatan Manduamas and Kecamatan Parlilitan that have a huge area. The distance of the capital of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah in Pandan and the capital of Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan in Dolok Sanggul is very far from the land of Batak Dairi people. It makes the development in the land is slow, beside some discriminations happened regarding their cultural background.

B. Marga

Batak Dairi people have "marga" that shows the identity of their original ancestor or family. This familiy name is derived from  father lineage (patrilineal) that will be continued to his male descent continiously. Female descent will follow the family name of her husband after mariage. The example of marga of Batak Dairi people that live in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah and Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan are:

1. Marga Tumangger
2. Marga Tinambunen
3. Marga Kesogihen
4. Marga Meka
5. Marga Maharaja
6. Marga Ceun
7. Marga Mungkur

Traditional Clothes of Batak Dairi Klasen

C. Language

Bahasa Pakpak-Dairi in Dairi/ Klassen dialect is the language spoken by Batak Dairi people. This language actually come from Bahasa Pakpak with strong influence of Bahasa Toba. However, Bahasa Dairi has some differencies in vocabularies and pronounciatons to Bahasa Pakpak. Batak Dairi people also can speak Bahasa Batak Toba because they have a strong interaction with Batak Toba People. They have a small understanding of Bahasa Batak Pasisi because they will use Bahasa Batak Toba or Bahasa Indonesia to interact with Batak Pasisi people who also understand Bahasa Batak Toba.

Traditional Dance of Batak Dairi Klasen

Foreign linguistic expert classify the language of Batak Dairi into Bahasa Batak Pakpak Dairi in Klassen dialect. It is classified as Northern Batak Langauge including Bahasa Batak Karo, Batak Pakpak, Batak Alas, Batak Gayo, Batak Kluet and Batak Singkil. Those language has a lot of similarities in their vocabularies.

D. Religion

The religion of Batak Dairi mostly Christian that introduced by Batak Toba people and western missionarist hundred years ago. A big Christian church for Batak Dairi people is GKPPD (Gereja Kristen Protestan Pakpak Dairi). There are only few people of Malim and Parbegu as the traditional Batak religion. Besides that, there are also few number of  Islam from interracial marriage with Batak Pasisi and other people.

Basically, Batak Dairi People live as rice and gardening farmer. Besides that, they are hunters if they have nothing to do in the rice field or garden. Nowadays, they also work in different types job such as merchandise,  office jobs, in private and public sector. There are a lot of Batak Dairi people who become successful person in foreign country such as having an important position in government and having a successful business.

Refference:

1.    http://protomalayans.blogspot.com/2012/08/suku-klasen.html

2.    http://gkppd.blogspot.com/p/hubungi-kami.html

3.    http://kutasellam.blogspot.com/2011/07/adat-istiadat-pakpak.html

4.    http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Batak_Pakpak

5.    http://pakpaksim.wordpress.com

 Batak Dairi Dance - Tatak Dembas Simenguda

Batak Dairi Song - Lae Simenggo Parlilitan

Batak Dairi Song - Kekelengenku Tanoh Dairi

Batak Dairi Song - Tirismo

Batak Sibolga People (English Version)

BATAK SIBOLGA PEOPLE

By: Wendy Hutahaean

Batak Sibolga people or sometimes called Batak Toba par-Sibolga is a Batak ethnic that live in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, Kota Sibolga and Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara (Kecamatan Adiankoting only) of North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Hundred years ago, the international trade of natural resources centered in Fansur (Barus) was increasing between Batak people and foreign trader such as from India, China, Arab and European countries. Besides that, Batak Toba, Batak Silindung and Batak Humbang people barter their  rice, vegetables and farm products to fish, salt and other sea products which Batak Pasisi have. Some Batak Toba, Batak Humbang and Batak Silindung people migrate closer to the coast and live there until now. Those Batak migrant still preserve their Batak culture with some influence of Batak Pasisi  culture. They are called as Batak Sibolga.

Traditional Clothes of Batak Sibolga

A. The Land

The land of Batak Sibolga people covered some districts (kecamatan) in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah especially mountain area. They also live in Kecamatan Adiankoting of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Those districts are:

1.    Kec. Tukka

2.    Kec. Andam Dewi

3.    Kec. Barus Utara

4.    Kec. Sosor Gadong

5.    Kec. Pasaribu Tobing

6.    Kec. Sorkam

7.    Kec. Kolang

8.    Kec. Sitahuis

9.    Kec. Adiankoting (Kab. Tapanuli Utara)

10. Kec. Barus

11. Kec. Sorkam Barat

12. Kec. Tapian Nauli

13. Kec. Sarudik

Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah

In contrast, the land of Batak Pasisi people covered all districts on west coast of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Batak Dairi people live in mountain area of Kecamatan Manduamas and Kecamatan Sirandorung of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Southern part of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah including Kecamatan Badiri, Pinangsori, Lumut, Sibabangun and Sukabangun are the land of Batak Angkola people. 

B. Marga 



Batak Sibolga people have "marga" that shows the identity of their original ancestor or family. This familiy name is derived from  father lineage (patrilineal) that will be continued to his male descent continiously. Female descent will follow the family name of her husband after mariage. The example of marga in Batak Sibolga that live (marbona pasogit) in Tapanuli Tengah such as:

1. Marga Hutagalung
2. Marga Pasaribu
3. Marga Tobing

Traditional Dance of  Batak Sibolga

C. Language

Batak Toba language with Sibolga dialect is the language spoken by Batak Sibolga people in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Batak Toba language is also spoken by Batak Samosir, Humbang, Silindung, and Sibolga with some different dialect. Batak Toba language is related to Batak Mandailing/ Angkola langauge that is spoken by Batak Mandailing and Batak Angkola people in the southern Tapanuli. Those two languages basically are similar with some different in dialect because of the separation of the regencies long time ago. Batak Simalungun language is also related to Batak Toba language. 

Sibolga dialect has some differences compare to other Batak Toba dialect, for example:

1.     Father is called as "Apang", not "Amang" (Silindung and Humbang dialect) nor "Among" (Toba and Samosir dialect).

2.     Mother is called as "Inang" (Silindung, Humbang and Sibolga dialect), not "Inong" (Toba dan Samosir dialect).

3.     Destination is called as "Tu" (Silindung, Humbang, Toba and Sibolga dialect), not "Hu" (Samosir dialect).

4.     The son of our mother's brother (if you are girl) is called as "Tunggane" (Silindung, Humbang, and Sibolga dialect), not "Oppung" (Toba dan Samosir dialect).

5.     Not yet is called as ”ndang do pe” (Silindung, Toba and Sibolga dialect), not ”ndang kede” (Humbang dialect) nor ”ndang poso”/” ndang koso” (Samosir dialect).

Besides that, the pronounciation of Sibolga and Silindung dialect is the most subtle and softest compare to Humbang dialect. In contrast, Toba and Samosir dialect is more rough and harder pronounced. The habbit of roaming all over the world is popular among Batak Sibolga people. Because of the habbit, Batak Sibolga people is well known everywhere. The term of "Horas", a greetings from Batak Toba, Samosir, Humbang, Silindung, Sibolga, Angkola, Mandailing and Simalungun is also popular to greet all Batak people. Batak Sibolga people is spreading all over Indonesia and Worldwide.

Traditional House of Batak Sibolga

D. Religion

The religion of Batak mostly Christian that introduced by German Missionarist, IL Nomensen hundred years ago. The biggest Christian church in the world, HKBP (Huria Kristen Batak Protestant) comes from this area. There are only few people of Malim and Parbegu as the traditional Batak religion. Besides that, there are also few number of  Islam from interracial marriage.

Batak Sibolga Church

Basically, Batak Sibolga people live as farmer and fisherman, especially for people who lives around Tapian Nauli coast. Nowadays, they also work in different types job such as merchandise,  office jobs, in private and public sector. There are a lot of Batak Sibolga people who become successful person in foreign country such as having an important position in government and having a successful business.

Refference:

1.    http://pardedejabijabi.wordpress.com/2012/03/31/bahasa-batak-toba/

2.    http://word-dialect.blogspot.com/2012/08/bahasa-batak-pasisi.html

3.    http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/16773/5/Chapter%20I.pdf

Batak Sibolga Song - Tumba Goreng Sibolga Julu

Batak Sibolga Song - Tapian Nauli

Batak Sibolga Song - Boru Tumeang Gontingmahe

 

Batak Sibolga Song - Tapteng Marsada

Batak Sibolga Song - Sibolga Nauli

Batak Sibolga Song - Sibolga

 

Batak Sibolga Song - Kota Sibolga

Batak Sibolga Song -Tumba Poriaha

 

Batak Sibolga Song - Butet

Batak Padanglawas People (English Version)

BATAK PADANGLAWAS PEOPLE

By: Wendy Hutahaean

Batak Padanglawas people or sometimes called Batak Mandailing Padanglawas people is a Batak ethnic that live in Kabupaten Padang Lawas of North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. 

adalah salah satu suku Batak yang mendiami wilayah kabupaten Padang Lawas dan kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara yang berada di provinsi Sumatra Utara. Suku Batak Padang Lawas, ini dahulunya dianggap sebagai bagian dari suku Batak Mandailing, tetapi karena letak perbedaan geografis, maka suku Batak Padang Lawas ini sekarang telah diakui sebagai suku tersendiri yang disebut sebagai suku Padang Lawas atau suku Batak Padang Lawas.

Traditional Clothes of Batak Padanglawas

A. The Land

The land of Batak Padanglawas people covered all districts in Kabupaten Padang Lawas, except  for Kecamatan Sosopan, where all people in this district are Batak Padangbolak and speaks Bahasa Angkola Padangbolak. The districts in Kabupaten Padang Lawas are:

1.    Kec. Barumun

2.    Kec.Barumun Tengah

3.    Kec.Batang Lubu Sutam

4.    Kec. Huristak

5.    Kec. Huta Raja Tingi

6.    Kec. Lubuk Brumun

7.    Kec. Sosa

8.    Kec. Sihapas Barumun

9.    Kec. Ulu Barumun

10. Kec. Barumun Selatan

11. Kec. Aek Nabara Barumun

Kabupaten Padang Lawas

 

B. Marga

Asal usul suku Batak Padang Lawas tidak diketahui secara pasti. Tetapi dari cerita rakyat secara turun temurun yang tersimpan baik pada masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini, mengatakan bahwa dahulunya mereka berasal dari pembauran penduduk setempat dengan orang-orang dari sebuah kerajaan yang pernah berdiri di wilayah ini. Kemungkinan yang dimaksud dengan kerajaan itu, adalah Kerajaan Holing atau juga Kerajaan Chola, yang keduanya berasal dari India, yang pernah berjaya di wilayah ini pada masa lalu. Di wilayah Padang Lawas ini banyak ditemukan situs-situs kuno dari era kerajaan Hindu Kuno, yang diperkirakan usianya lebih tua dari kerajaan Hindu lainnya di Indonesia. 

1. Hasibuan

Traditional Dance of Batak Padanglawas

C. Language

Bahasa yang diucapkan oleh masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini adalah bahasa Padang Lawas, yang termasuk dialek dari bahasa Mandailing, karena terdapat banyak kemiripan yang pada bahasa Padang Lawas ini dengan bahasa Mandailing, hanya saja lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh bahasa Melayu dan bahasa Minangkabau.

Traditional House of Batak Padanglawas

D. Religion

Masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini mayoritas adalah pemeluk agama Islam yang taat. Agama Islam di wilayah ini dibawa oleh pasukan Paderi Minangkabau yang menyerang Tanah Batak di daerah Selatan, yang pada saat itu memang sangat rapuh dan tidak memiliki pertahanan sama sekali. Sehingga pasukan Paderi berhasil melumpuhkan wilayah Selatan Tanah Batak, dan mengislamkan hampir seluruh penduduk di wilayah ini.

Masyarakat suku Padang Lawas ini, sebagian besar hidup sebagai petani. Sebagian besar bekerja di perkebunan karet. Selain itu mereka juga bercocok tanam untuk berbagai jenis tanaman sayur-sayuran. Selain itu, memelihara ternak juga menjadi kegiatan sampingan bagi beberapa penduduk di wilayah Padang Lawas ini.


Refferences:

1.    http://protomalayans.blogspot.com/2012/08/suku-batak-padang-lawas.html

2. http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabupaten_Padang_Lawas
3.    https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:k1HVfo8vh0UJ:repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/31756/4/Chapter%2520II.pdf+&hl=en&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgpWfaaAIUjc7ByVzGiiOdd6RkTfCb-_QsKYRXUyqpHTJLNhRGaZnw6bdoRPvWq4_1DLRmp-jHnwbLAHZd1PvZEPb3w_2jJlWSzhnmk7sOTydeS6tvI4OiaqB40C9HGYpa6t89E&sig=AHIEtbS4OtS3mId4zvTLGnDYvD4uyUJKxw 

 Batak Padanglawas Song - Goyang Padanglawas