BATAK TOBA PEOPLE
by: Wendy Hutahaean
Batak Toba people or sometimes
called Batak Toba par-Holbung is a Batak ethnic that live in
Kabupaten Toba Samosir of North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Long time ago,
foreign people classify all people who live in North Tapanuli and Central
Tapanuli as Batak Toba. However, there are five different batak ethnics that
live in those areas which are Batak Toba, Batak Samosir, Batak Silindung, and
Batak Sibolga. They have the same cultures and language with some differences
because of geographical position and district division for
decades.
Traditional Clothes of Batak Toba |
A. The Land
The land of Batak Toba people covered some districts (kecamatan) in Kabupaten Toba Samosir, which are:
The land of Batak Toba people covered some districts (kecamatan) in Kabupaten Toba Samosir, which are:
1. Kec. Ajibata, ibukota di Pardamean Ajibata
2. Kec. Balige, ibukota di Balige III
3. Kec. Borbor, ibukota di Borbor
4. Kec. Habinsaran, ibukota di Parsoburan
5. Kec. Lagu
Boti, ibukota di Pasar laguboti
6. Kec. Lumban
Julu, ibukota di Pasar Lumbanjulu
7. Kec. Nassau, ibukota di Lumban Rau Tengah
8. Kec. Pintu Pohan
Meranti, ibukota di Pasar Pintu Pohan
9. Kec. Porsea, ibukota di Pasar Posea
10. Kec. Siantar
Narumonda, ibukota di Siantar Dangsina
11. Kec. Sigumpar, ibukota di Sigumpar Dangsina
12. Kec. Silaen, ibukota di Silaen
13. Kec. Tampahan, ibukota di Tarabunga
14. Kec. Uluan, ibukota di Lumban Binanga
15. Kec. Parmaksian, ibukota di Pangombusan
16. Kec. Bonatua
Lunasi, ibukota di Lumban Lobu
Kabupaten Toba Samosir |
Batak Toba people are
related to Batak Samosir, Batak Humbang, Batak Silindung and Batak Sibolga
because they were in a same regency of North Tapanuli. Sometimes foreign people
classify those five batak ethnics as Batak Tapanuli. Some Batak Toba People has
the same ancestor with Batak Angkola and Batak Mandailing. For example,
Nasution in Batak Toba and Batak Mandailing come from the same ancestor.
Siregar in Batak Humbang and Batak Angkola also come from the same ancestor.
There are another ancestor similarity among those Batak ethics.
B. Marga
Batak Toba people have "marga" that shows the identity of their original ancestor or family. This familiy name is derived from father lineage (patrilineal) that will be continued to his male descent continiously. Female descent will follow the family name of her husband after mariage. The example of marga in Batak Toba that live (marbona pasogit) in Toba Samosir is Pangulu Ponggok Naiborngin who has three sons, Hutahaean, Hutajulu and Aruan. Those three "marga" occupied Laguboti district in Kabupaten Toba Samosir.
C. Language
Batak Toba language with Toba Holbung dialect is the language spoken by Batak Toba people in Kabupaten Toba Samosir. Batak Toba language is also spoken by Batak Samosir, Humbang, Silindung, and Sibolga with some different dialect. Batak Toba language is related to Batak Mandailing/ Angkola langauge that is spoken by Batak Mandailing and Batak Angkola people in the southern Tapanuli. Those two languages basically are similar with some different in dialect because of the separation of the regencies long time ago. Batak Simalungun language is also related to Batak Toba language.
D. Religion
The religion of Batak mostly Christian that introduced by German Missionarist, IL Nomensen hundred years ago. The biggest Christian church in the world, HKBP (Huria Kristen Batak Protestant) comes from this area. There are only few people of Malim and Parbegu as the traditional Batak religion. Besides that, there are also few number of Islam from interracial marriage.
Basically, Batak Toba people live as farmer and fisherman, especially for people who lives around Toba Lake coast. Nowadays, they also work in different types job such as merchandise, office jobs, in private and public sector. There are a lot of Batak Toba People who become successful person in foreign country such as having an important position in government and having a successful business.
Refference:
Batak Toba people have "marga" that shows the identity of their original ancestor or family. This familiy name is derived from father lineage (patrilineal) that will be continued to his male descent continiously. Female descent will follow the family name of her husband after mariage. The example of marga in Batak Toba that live (marbona pasogit) in Toba Samosir is Pangulu Ponggok Naiborngin who has three sons, Hutahaean, Hutajulu and Aruan. Those three "marga" occupied Laguboti district in Kabupaten Toba Samosir.
1. Marga
Aruan
2. Marga
Batubara
3. Marga
Butarbutar
4. Marga
Baringbing
5. Marga
Doloksaribu
6. Marga
Dabukke
7. Marga
Banjarnahor
8. Marga
Gultom
9. Marga
Hutagaol
10. Marga
Hutahaean
11. Marga
Hutajulu
12. Marga
Hutapea
13. Marga
Manurung
14. Marga
Marpaung
15. Marga Manik
16. Marga
Nadapdap
17. Marga
Napitupulu
18. Marga
Pangaribuan
19. Marga
Panjaitan
20. Marga
Pardede
21. Marga
Pardosi
22. Marga Pohan
23. Marga
Nababan
24. Marga
Pasaribu
25. Marga
Rumapea
26. Marga
Rumahorbo
27. Marga
Sarumpaet
28. Marga
Siagian
29. Marga
Siahaan
30. Marga
Siallagan
31. Marga
Sianipar
32. Marga
Sibarani
33. Marga Sibuea
34. Marga Silitonga
35. Marga Silaen
36. Marga
Simangunsong
37. Marga Simajuntak
38. Marga
Sinurat
39. Marga Sirait
40. Marga
Sitorus
41. Marga
Sipahutar
42. Marga Tambun
43. Marga
Tambunan
44. Marga
Tampubolon
Traditional House of Batak Toba |
C. Language
Batak Toba language with Toba Holbung dialect is the language spoken by Batak Toba people in Kabupaten Toba Samosir. Batak Toba language is also spoken by Batak Samosir, Humbang, Silindung, and Sibolga with some different dialect. Batak Toba language is related to Batak Mandailing/ Angkola langauge that is spoken by Batak Mandailing and Batak Angkola people in the southern Tapanuli. Those two languages basically are similar with some different in dialect because of the separation of the regencies long time ago. Batak Simalungun language is also related to Batak Toba language.
Traditional Dance of Batak Toba |
The habbit of roaming all over the world is popular among Batak Toba people.
Because of the habbit, Batak Toba People is well known everywhere. The term of
"Horas", a greetings from Batak Toba, Samosir, Humbang, Silindung,
Sibolga, Angkola, Mandailing and Simalungun is also popular to greet all Batak
people. Batak Toba people is spreading all over Indonesia and
Worldwide.
D. Religion
The religion of Batak mostly Christian that introduced by German Missionarist, IL Nomensen hundred years ago. The biggest Christian church in the world, HKBP (Huria Kristen Batak Protestant) comes from this area. There are only few people of Malim and Parbegu as the traditional Batak religion. Besides that, there are also few number of Islam from interracial marriage.
Batak Church |
Basically, Batak Toba people live as farmer and fisherman, especially for people who lives around Toba Lake coast. Nowadays, they also work in different types job such as merchandise, office jobs, in private and public sector. There are a lot of Batak Toba People who become successful person in foreign country such as having an important position in government and having a successful business.
Refference:
4.
http://pardedejabijabi.wordpress.com/2012/03/31/bahasa-batak-toba/
Batak Toba Song - Ajibata Nauli
Batak Toba Dance - Tortor Hata Sopisik
Batak Soba Song - Tano Toba
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