BATAK SIBOLGA PEOPLE
By: Wendy Hutahaean
Batak Sibolga people or sometimes called Batak Toba par-Sibolga is a Batak ethnic that live in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, Kota Sibolga and Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara (Kecamatan Adiankoting only) of North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Hundred years ago, the international trade of natural resources centered in Fansur (Barus) was increasing between Batak people and foreign trader such as from India, China, Arab and European countries. Besides that, Batak Toba, Batak Silindung and Batak Humbang people barter their rice, vegetables and farm products to fish, salt and other sea products which Batak Pasisi have. Some Batak Toba, Batak Humbang and Batak Silindung people migrate closer to the coast and live there until now. Those Batak migrant still preserve their Batak culture with some influence of Batak Pasisi culture. They are called as Batak Sibolga.
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| Traditional Clothes of Batak Sibolga |
A. The Land
The land of Batak Sibolga people covered some districts (kecamatan) in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah especially mountain area. They also live in Kecamatan Adiankoting of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Those districts are:
The land of Batak Sibolga people covered some districts (kecamatan) in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah especially mountain area. They also live in Kecamatan Adiankoting of Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Those districts are:
1.
Kec. Tukka
2.
Kec. Andam
Dewi
3.
Kec. Barus
Utara
4.
Kec. Sosor
Gadong
5.
Kec. Pasaribu
Tobing
6.
Kec. Sorkam
7.
Kec. Kolang
8.
Kec. Sitahuis
9.
Kec. Adiankoting (Kab. Tapanuli Utara)
10.
Kec.
Barus
11.
Kec.
Sorkam Barat
12.
Kec.
Tapian Nauli
13.
Kec.
Sarudik
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| Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah |
In contrast, the land of Batak Pasisi people covered all districts on west coast of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Batak Dairi people live in mountain area of Kecamatan Manduamas and Kecamatan Sirandorung of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Southern part of Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah including Kecamatan Badiri, Pinangsori, Lumut, Sibabangun and Sukabangun are the land of Batak Angkola people.
B. Marga
Batak Sibolga people have "marga" that shows the identity of their original ancestor or family. This familiy name is derived from father lineage (patrilineal) that will be continued to his male descent continiously. Female descent will follow the family name of her husband after mariage. The example of marga in Batak Sibolga that live (marbona pasogit) in Tapanuli Tengah such as:
1. Marga Hutagalung
2. Marga Pasaribu
3. Marga Tobing
B. Marga
Batak Sibolga people have "marga" that shows the identity of their original ancestor or family. This familiy name is derived from father lineage (patrilineal) that will be continued to his male descent continiously. Female descent will follow the family name of her husband after mariage. The example of marga in Batak Sibolga that live (marbona pasogit) in Tapanuli Tengah such as:
1. Marga Hutagalung
2. Marga Pasaribu
3. Marga Tobing
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| Traditional Dance of Batak Sibolga |
C. Language
Batak Toba language with Sibolga dialect is the language spoken by Batak Sibolga people in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Batak Toba language is also spoken by Batak Samosir, Humbang, Silindung, and Sibolga with some different dialect. Batak Toba language is related to Batak Mandailing/ Angkola langauge that is spoken by Batak Mandailing and Batak Angkola people in the southern Tapanuli. Those two languages basically are similar with some different in dialect because of the separation of the regencies long time ago. Batak Simalungun language is also related to Batak Toba language.
Sibolga dialect has some differences compare to other Batak Toba dialect, for example:
Batak Toba language with Sibolga dialect is the language spoken by Batak Sibolga people in Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Batak Toba language is also spoken by Batak Samosir, Humbang, Silindung, and Sibolga with some different dialect. Batak Toba language is related to Batak Mandailing/ Angkola langauge that is spoken by Batak Mandailing and Batak Angkola people in the southern Tapanuli. Those two languages basically are similar with some different in dialect because of the separation of the regencies long time ago. Batak Simalungun language is also related to Batak Toba language.
Sibolga dialect has some differences compare to other Batak Toba dialect, for example:
1.
Father
is called as "Apang", not "Amang" (Silindung
and Humbang dialect) nor "Among" (Toba and Samosir
dialect).
2.
Mother
is called as "Inang" (Silindung, Humbang and Sibolga
dialect), not "Inong" (Toba dan Samosir dialect).
3.
Destination
is called as "Tu" (Silindung, Humbang, Toba and Sibolga
dialect), not "Hu" (Samosir dialect).
4.
The
son of our mother's brother (if you are girl) is called as "Tunggane"
(Silindung, Humbang, and Sibolga dialect), not "Oppung" (Toba
dan Samosir dialect).
5.
Not
yet is called as ”ndang do pe” (Silindung, Toba and Sibolga dialect),
not ”ndang kede” (Humbang dialect) nor ”ndang poso”/” ndang
koso” (Samosir dialect).
Besides that, the pronounciation of Sibolga and Silindung dialect is the most subtle and softest compare to Humbang dialect. In contrast, Toba and Samosir dialect is more rough and harder pronounced. The habbit of roaming all over the world is popular among Batak Sibolga people.
Because of the habbit, Batak Sibolga people is well known everywhere. The term of
"Horas", a greetings from Batak Toba, Samosir, Humbang, Silindung,
Sibolga, Angkola, Mandailing and Simalungun is also popular to greet all Batak
people. Batak Sibolga people is spreading all over Indonesia and
Worldwide.
 |
| Traditional House of Batak Sibolga |
D. Religion
The religion of Batak mostly Christian that introduced by German Missionarist, IL Nomensen hundred years ago. The biggest Christian church in the world, HKBP (Huria Kristen Batak Protestant) comes from this area. There are only few people of Malim and Parbegu as the traditional Batak religion. Besides that, there are also few number of Islam from interracial marriage.
Basically, Batak Sibolga people live as farmer and fisherman, especially for people who lives around Tapian Nauli coast. Nowadays, they also work in different types job such as merchandise, office jobs, in private and public sector. There are a lot of Batak Sibolga people who become successful person in foreign country such as having an important position in government and having a successful business.
The religion of Batak mostly Christian that introduced by German Missionarist, IL Nomensen hundred years ago. The biggest Christian church in the world, HKBP (Huria Kristen Batak Protestant) comes from this area. There are only few people of Malim and Parbegu as the traditional Batak religion. Besides that, there are also few number of Islam from interracial marriage.
 |
| Batak Sibolga Church |
Basically, Batak Sibolga people live as farmer and fisherman, especially for people who lives around Tapian Nauli coast. Nowadays, they also work in different types job such as merchandise, office jobs, in private and public sector. There are a lot of Batak Sibolga people who become successful person in foreign country such as having an important position in government and having a successful business.
Refference:
3.
http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/123456789/16773/5/Chapter%20I.pdf
Batak Sibolga Song - Tumba Goreng Sibolga Julu
Batak Sibolga Song - Tapian Nauli
Batak Sibolga Song - Boru Tumeang Gontingmahe
Batak Sibolga Song - Tapteng Marsada
Batak Sibolga Song - Sibolga Nauli
Batak Sibolga Song - Sibolga
Batak Sibolga Song - Kota Sibolga
Batak Sibolga Song -Tumba Poriaha
Batak Sibolga Song - Butet
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